1.

Passage FourSometimes I scratch my head when I read about the government' s efforts to improve schools:new standards and tests to be applied, strict teacher evaluations, and threats of school closures and job losses. They frighten the school employees, not to mention the students. Instead of making people unable to solve problems or try new ideas--which is what fear does to us--research on school reform strongly suggests that policy-makers should encourage school leaders to take a more humane approach. In their study on the reform efforts of twelve Chicago public schools, Bryk and Schneider found that enabling positive social relationships between the adults was the key to successful school improvement and that trust was at the heart of those relationships.Trust in schools comes down to one thing:psychological safety or safety to speak one's mind,to discuss with openness and honesty what is and isn' t working,to make collective decisions.Yet this kind of safety doesn' t come easily to schools. According to Bryk and Schneider, the adults in school rely on each other to do their jobs correctly and with integrity （正直). The challeage is that our expectations are very diverse based on our unique backgrounds.At one school where I taught, each teacher had different expectations about how much effort teachers should put into their work--a big difference between the teachers who left af~the last bell and those who worked into the evening. And when expectations are uncoasci or unspoken, it becomes impossible for others to live up to them.We also make assumptions about the intentions behind a person' s behavior. As we all Imam,assumptions are often wrong. For example, parents and teachers my think the principal taml particular decision based on his career advancement rather than hat" s best for the studeata. don't feel psychologically safe to question our assumptions and e~aecmtiatm, trust itiea am the window and our relationships suffer.50. What is meant by trust in school?

2.Without electricity, human life __ quite different today.

3.III. Cloze ( 30 points)Mary Anning( 1799 - 1874) was a British fossil hunter who began finding 21 as a child, and soon supported herself and her very 22 family by finding and selling fossils.Very 23 is known about her life, but her father was a cabinet maker and he also 24 local fossils.Mary 25 on the southern coast of England, in a town called Lyme Regis. Its famous 26 by the sea contain 27 fossil layers that 28 from the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods(the 29 of the dinosaurs, other bizarre reptiles, large insects, sea creatures, 30 mammals, and 31 life forms).Mary Anning 32 and prepared the first fossilized plesiosaur( an ocean-dwelling reptile) and the first Ichthyosaurus (an ocean-dwelling reptile that 33 like a dolphin). She found many other important fossils, including Pterodactylus (a flying reptile), sharks (and other fish), and so on. 34 with her brother Joseph, Mary supplied prepared fossil specimens to 35 museums, scientists, and private collections.26（）A.cliffs B.place C.people D.creatures

4.They___do well in the exam

5.There were many different cultures in the ancient world, but the two that had the most influence on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman. Often these two cultures are lumped together in our minds, as if they were really exactly alike. But that is not the case. In many ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different.The Greeks were truly democratic, often without a single leader but instead governed by a group of men chosen by the people. The Romans were semi-democratic. They had a governing Senate, but the political power was mostly or completely in the hands of a single emperor.Both cultures were great builders. But the construction interests of the two cultures were also different. The Greeks tended to be more artistic. Their buildings were well constructed and they were especially interested in temples, columns, and decorative forms. The Romans, on the other hand, were more engineers than artists. They concentratedtheir efforts on urban planning, well-functioning water pipes, and the best roads.Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar. Both peoples ate very well indeed: lots of fish,fresh vegetables and fruits, healthy meals, holding at the same time long discussions and tasting excellent wines.In fact, it would probably be fair to say that they both loved life in their warm, sea-oriented climates, and they both lived a full life.Which of the following is TRUE?

6.Jane has said little so far, responding only briefly when _____.

7.Expecting a Baby?HEALTHY BABY: Manitoba’s Prenatal (怀孕期的) Benefit and Community Support Programs.It’s what’s inside that countsWhat you’re pregnant, it’s important that you eat well to help you and your growing baby. That’swhy if you live in Manitoba and your net family income is less that $32,000 a year, the Manitobagovernment offers you a monthly cheque during your pregnancy to help you buy healthy foods andprepare for your baby’s arrival.How to applyPick up an application form from medical offices, Healthy Baby community programs or by callingthe number below. The application form must include a medical note indicating your baby’s duedate, so see your health care provider early .More support for you and your babyThrough Healthy Child Manitoba, Healthy Baby also offers community programs which help you tolearn more about nutrition, health and parenting a baby.For more information, please call:945—1301 (in Winnipeg)1—888—848—0140 (at no cost)945—1305—TDD(Telephone Device for the Deaf)The most important information to be filled in the application form is( )

8.This is not her kite,but___

9.Passage Two At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet. The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented, Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room--a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting. Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashion of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stabililty and feasibility?That's for you to decide. According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is

10.When the guests were gone, she _____the tea-things in the cupboard

11.

What enables some people to get big creative breakthroughs while others only get small and non-creative breakdowns, blaming themselves and society? Are some people "gifted"? Are there other factors 21 work--factors that we have more control over than we think?While nobody can deny the 22 that some people seem to be blessed with particular creativity, research shows that anyone can 23 their chances of coming up with new and original ideas24 they would only engage themselves more in the process of 25 . It' s the old Thomas Edison thing about "discovery2699 percent perspiration (汗水) and 1 percent inspiration. " 27 , the studies prove this:great creative breakthroughs usually happen only 28 intense periods of struggle. It is sustained effort towards a specific goal 29 eventually prepares for great creative insights.This kind of sustained effort does not always30 immediate results, a fact that not only separates the innovators (革新者) from non-innovators, but31 leads some people to conclude that it is just not 32for them. "Maybe I should have gone to medical school like my mother wanted," they wonder when the breakthrough is 33 to be found. Alas, one forgets during inevitable encounters34self-doubt,that the big surprise is never35 . Indeed,it can happen at any time and place.29.

12.You never told us why you were absent from the party,__________?

13.

Farley worked for the Canadian government.One day, he was1 to learn moreabout wolves.Do wolves kill lots of caribou(北美弱鹿）？Do they kill people?

They gave him lots of food and clothes and guns.Then they put him on a plane andtook him to 2.The plane put him down and went away,There were no houses or people in this place.But there were lots of animals and lots of wolves.

People tell terrible stories about wolves.They say wolves like to kill and eat people

Farley remembered these stories,and he was3 ,He had his gun with him4

Then one day,he saw a group of wolves.There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves.A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.

Farley watched these wolves every day.The mother was a very5 mother.Shegave milk to her babies,She gave them lessons about life.They learned how to6 food.The father wolf got food for the mother.The young wolf7 the children.Theywere a nice,happy family-wolf family!Farley did not need his8 any more.Inashort time,he got on well with the family.Farley watched them for five months.Helearned that many stories about the wolves were9 .Wolves do not eat people,and theydo not eat many large animals.And he also learned bad things about men.It was men whokilled many caribou and wolves.

Later,Farley wrote a book about wolves.He wanted people to10 them and notto kill them.3.

14.Don't worry,Mum!__newsis good news,I'm sure Daddy will come backsoon

15.

Passage TwoThe great advance in rocker theory 40 years ago shows that liquid-fuel rockets were far superior in every respect to the skyrocket with its weak solid fuel. However, during the decade, large solid-fuel rockets with solid fuels about as powerful as liquid fuels have made their appearance, and it is a favorite layman ’s question to 19 inquire which one is ―better‖. The question is meaningless. One might as well ask whether a gasoline or a diesel engine is ―better‖. It all depends on the purpose, a liquid-fuel rocket is complicated, but has the advantage that it can be controlled beautifully. The burning of the rocket engine can be stopped completely: it can be reignited when desired. In addition, the thrust can be made to vary by adjusting the speed of the fuel pumps. A solid-fuel rocket, on the other hand, is rather simple in construction, though hard to build when a really at very short notice. A liquid-fuel rocket has to be fueled first and cannot be held in readiness for very long after it has been fueled. (82)However, once a solid-fuel rocket has been ignited, it will keep burning. It cannot be stopped and reignited whenever desired and its thrust cannot be varied. Because a solid-fuel rocket can be kept ready for a long time,most military employ solid fuels, but manned space-flight needs the fine adjustments that can only be provided by liquid fuels. It may be added that a liquid-fuel rocket is an expensive device; a large solid-fuel rocket is, by comparison, cheap. But the solid fuel, pound per pound, costs about 10 times as much as the liquid fuel. So you have, on the one hand, an expensive rocket with a cheap fuel and on the other hand a comparatively cheap rocket with an expensive fuel.Which of the following statements is not characteristic of liquid-fuel rockets?

16.During the Christmas shopping rush in London, the interesting story was reported of a tramp(流浪者)who, apparently though no fault of his own,found himself locked in a well?known chain storelate on Christmas Eve. No doubt the store was crowded with last?minute Christmas shoppers andthe staff were dead beat and longing to get home.Probably all the proper security checks weremade before the store was locked and they left to enjoy the three?day holiday untroubled bycustomers desperate to get last?minute Christmas presents.However ridiculous that may be,our tramp found himself alone in the store and decided to makethe best of it. There was food, drink, bedding and camping equipment, of which he made good use.There must also have been television sets and radios.Though it was not reported if he tookadvantage of these facilities, when the shop reopened he was discovered in bed with a largenumber of empty bottles beside him.He seems to have been a man of good humor as indeedtramps very commonly are.Everyone else was enjoying Christmas, so he saw no good reason why he should not do thesame.He yielded himself cheerfully,and was taken by the police. Perhaps he had had a betterChristmas than usual. He was sent to prison for seven days.The judge awarded no compensation(赔偿 )to the chain store for the food and drink our tramp had consumed.They had,in hisopinion,already received valuable free publicity from the story revealed in the newspaper and ontelevision.Perhaps the judge had had a good Christmas,too.Which of the following was uncertain about the tramp after he was locked in the store?

17.We lost two superstars in 1977.Neither man’s admirers have been able to understand thesuccees of the other one.And this tells us something of the difference between the generationsthat the two singers represent.There were similarities between Bing Crosby and Elvis Presley.Both reached fame whileyoung and because very rich.Although neither one had any musical education，both developedtheir own musical styles。which were at first criticized by the Critics and later studied as newforms in the art of popular son9.Both man had successful movie careers despite a total lack ofacting ability.Both were creations of the microphone.which made it possible for signers with weakvoices to be heard beyond the third row.With Bing the microphone was usually hidden，butElvis brought it to the stage.The difference between the men reflects the changing values in American ife.Crosby’smusic was soothing( 令 人 舒 畅 的);Presley's was disturbin9.Crosby was singing to wartimeAmerica.His audiences had all the disturbances they could handle in their private lives.theydid not want to buy more at the record shop and the movie theater.Crosby’s admirers always said how“relaxed”and“natural”he was.When Presley beganhis career，the whole country had become relaxed and easygoin9.Its young people，who hadno rftemory of troubled times.found it borin9.They were hungry for excitement.Theywelcomed Elvis，who wascertainly not the kind of young man their parents would admire.Presley was loud and valgar(粗俗的)-and he was bringing something new and exciting.It is probably too simple to explain each man in terms of changes in the economic and politicalsituation.Something in the culture was also changing.What did Crosby's audiences get from his music?

18. 根据以下材料，回答21-35题 Drawing a picture is the simplest way of putting an idea down on paper．That is 21 menfirst began to write six thousand years ago or22．The alphabet we now use 23 down to usover a long period of time．It was developed from the picture—writing of ancient Egypt． Picture—writing was useful in many 24．It could be used to express ideas as well as 25．For example，a drawing of a26meant the object“man"． 27 a drawing of a man lying on the groud with a spear in him meant“28”． Besides the Egyptians，the Chinese 29 the American Indians also developed ways 30writing in pictures．But only 31much could be said this way．Thousands of pictures would have beenneeded 32 express all the ideas that people might have．It would have taken many thousand more toexpress all the objects33 to men．No one could34 so many pictures in a lifetime．Nor couldanyone learn the meaning of all 35 drawings in a lifetime．24.查看材料?

19.June came and the hay(干草）was almost ready for cutting. On Midsummer's Eve,which was a Saturday,Mr.Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lionthat he did not come back until midday on Sunday.His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out chatting without bothering to feed the animals.When Mr.Jones got back,he immediately went to sleep on the living-room sofa with the"News of the World"over his face.When evening came,the animals were still not fed.At last, they could stand nolonger,One ofcowsthe broke into the door of the storehousewith her hornsand all the animalsbegan to help to themselves to the grainsIt was just then that Mr.Jones woke up The next moment he and his four men werethan the hungry animals would bear.Together,though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand,they jumped upon their masters.Mr.Jones and his men suddenlyfound themselves being struck with the horns and kicked from all sides.The situation was quite out of their control.They had never seen these animals act like this before,This sudden rebellion of the creatures,which they were used to beating and whipping just as they selves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animals chose,frightened them. After only a moment or two,they gave up trying to defend themselves,a minute later all five pf them were in full fright down the road with the animals running after them joyfully.The cows broke into the storehouse because（）

20.You may borrow this dictionary ( ) you keep it clean.